Drought-TolerantPlants

Adam's Needle

Yucca filamentosa

Adam's Needle (Yucca filamentosa) is a native southeastern US evergreen perennial forming a bold, low rosette of stiff, sword-like leaves with curly white filaments along the margins. In summer, mature plants send up dramatic 4–8-foot spikes of nodding, creamy-white bell-shaped flowers pollinated by yucca moths. Its drought tolerance and ability to thrive in NE Florida's sandy soils make it an ideal accent plant for xeriscape and coastal gardens.

From $9.95

Adonidia Palm

Adonidia merrillii

Christmas Palm (Adonidia merrillii) is a slender, self-cleaning solitary palm from the Philippines, named for its clusters of bright red fruits that ripen in late fall and winter. It is cold hardy only to USDA zone 10b (about 30°F) and is therefore a high-risk choice for NE Florida zone 9b — protect from frost or site in a warm microclimate near a south-facing structure.

From $135.00

Agave

Agave

Agave (Agave spp.) is a diverse genus of bold succulent plants native to the Americas, forming striking symmetrical rosettes of thick, spine-tipped leaves that range from compact to massive depending on species. Hardy and Florida-Friendly in zone 9b, agaves thrive in full sun and NE Florida's sandy soils with minimal irrigation, making them ideal drought-tolerant specimen plants for xeriscape and coastal landscapes.

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Aloe

Aloe

Aloe (Aloe spp.) encompasses a diverse group of succulent perennials that thrive outdoors year-round in Northeast Florida, forming evergreen rosettes of fleshy, spined leaves and producing tubular orange, red, or yellow flower spikes from winter through spring that attract hummingbirds and bees. Extremely drought tolerant, they are ideal for sunny, dry beds, rock gardens, and containers in well-drained sandy soil.

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Arizona Cypress

Hesperocyparis arizonica

Arizona Cypress (Cupressus arizonica) is a fast-growing evergreen conifer from the arid mountains of the American Southwest and Mexico, featuring silvery blue-green scale-like foliage and attractive reddish-brown exfoliating bark on older trees. Its tall, narrow pyramidal form and drought tolerance make it a popular windbreak and specimen tree in zone 9b, though excellent drainage is critical in Florida's humid climate to prevent fungal canker.

From $79.95

Asiatic Jasmine

Trachelospermum asiaticum

Asiatic Jasmine (Trachelospermum asiaticum) is a vigorous evergreen groundcover native to Japan and Korea, forming a dense, weed-suppressing mat of small, glossy dark green leaves on woody twining stems. It is one of the most widely used low-maintenance groundcovers in warm-climate landscapes.

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Baby Sun Rose

Aptenia cordifolia

Aptenia (Aptenia cordifolia) is a fast-spreading succulent groundcover native to South Africa, bearing small heart-shaped fleshy leaves on trailing stems. Bright magenta daisy-like flowers bloom freely in warm weather, and the plant is widely used to cover slopes and bare ground in tropical and subtropical gardens.

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Baby's Breath

Gypsophila paniculata

Baby's Breath (Gypsophila paniculata) is a European perennial producing airy clouds of tiny white or pale pink flowers on wiry stems. In NE Florida zone 9b it performs best as a cool-season annual — sow seed in fall for winter-to-spring blooms — as summer heat and humidity limit survival as a true perennial.

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Bahiagrass

Paspalum notatum

Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum) is a coarse-textured, warm-season perennial grass native to South America, widely naturalized throughout the southeastern United States and Florida. It is valued for its exceptional heat, drought, and wear tolerance, and is commonly used for turf, roadside stabilization, and pasture.

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Beach Bean

Canavalia rosea

Beach Bean (Canavalia rosea) is a robust sprawling vine native to tropical coastlines worldwide, producing showy rose-pink pea flowers and long seed pods. It spreads quickly across sandy shores and dunes, stabilizing coastal soils with its deep root system.

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Beach Elder

Iva imbricata

Seashore Elder (Iva imbricata) is a native coastal shrub found on barrier island dunes and beaches from Virginia to Texas, with fleshy, salt-tolerant succulent-like leaves and small inconspicuous flower heads. It is a critical dune stabilizer and is highly adapted to harsh coastal conditions including salt spray and shifting sand.

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Beach Morning Glory

Ipomoea imperati

Beach Morning Glory (Ipomoea imperati) is a trailing coastal vine that forms dense mats across sandy beaches and dunes, with white funnel-shaped flowers featuring a yellow throat that open in the morning. A native of tropical and subtropical shorelines, it spreads via long stolons and is an important dune-stabilizing plant.

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Beach Tea

Croton punctatus

Beach Tea (Croton punctatus) is a low, dense native shrub of Florida's coastal dunes, prized for its silvery-scaled foliage and small, fragrant white flowers that bloom nearly year-round. Hardy in zone 9b, it stabilizes sandy soils and attracts pollinators while tolerating drought, salt wind, and full coastal sun.

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Beardtongue

Penstemon australis

Beardtongue (Penstemon australis) is a native perennial of the southeastern United States, bearing upright stems of tubular, lavender-pink to purple flowers with a characteristic hairy staminode that gives the genus its common name. It is a pollinator-friendly wildflower well suited to dry, well-drained native plant gardens.

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Bismarck Palm

Bismarckia nobilis

Bismarck palm (Bismarckia nobilis) is a massive, solitary fan palm native to the open savannas of Madagascar, instantly recognizable by its enormous silvery-blue to green palmate fronds that can span up to ten feet. A dramatic landscape specimen, it develops a stout trunk and is one of the most visually commanding palms in cultivation.

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Black Eyed Susan

Rudbeckia hirta

Black-Eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta) is a Florida native annual or short-lived perennial producing cheerful golden-yellow daisy flowers with dark central cones from spring through fall. Extremely heat- and drought-tolerant, it thrives in NE Florida's sandy soils, attracts pollinators and birds, and self-seeds readily for year-after-year color with minimal care.

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Blanket Flower

Gaillardia pulchella

Blanket flower (Gaillardia pulchella) is a Florida-adapted annual or short-lived perennial wildflower bearing bold, daisy-like blooms in vivid red, orange, and yellow throughout the warm season. Exceptionally heat- and drought-tolerant in NE Florida's sandy soils, it reseeds readily and is a top choice for hot, sunny native and coastal landscapes.

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Blazing Star

Liatris spicata

Blazing Star (Liatris spicata) is a native North American perennial that sends up tall, dense wands of feathery rose-purple flowers that open from the top of the spike downward — the opposite of most flowering spikes. It grows from a corm, produces grass-like basal foliage, and is a magnet for butterflies and bees.

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Bougainvillea

Bougainvillea

Bougainvillea is a vigorous thorny tropical vine from South America, celebrated for its spectacular display of papery bracts in colors ranging from magenta and purple to orange, red, white, and salmon. The true flowers are small and white, surrounded by the vivid bracts that give the plant its ornamental appeal.

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Bulbine Lily

Bulbine

Bulbine (Bulbine frutescens) is a drought-tolerant South African succulent perennial that performs exceptionally well in NE Florida, producing cheerful yellow or orange flower spikes on slender stalks above clumps of fleshy, grass-like foliage nearly year-round. Hardy to zone 9b, it is a UF/IFAS-recommended low-maintenance ground cover and border plant, beloved by bees.

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Bush Clover

Lespedeza thunbergii

Thunberg Bush Clover (Lespedeza thunbergii) is a graceful, arching deciduous shrub from China and Japan, growing 5–10 ft tall with cascading sprays of rose-purple pea-like flowers in late summer and fall. Hardy to zone 9b, it dies back after frost and regrows vigorously in spring — note that it can be invasive in the Southeast, so sterile cultivars are preferred.

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Butterfly Weed

Asclepias tuberosa

Butterfly Weed (Asclepias tuberosa) is a native North American milkweed perennial with clusters of vivid orange to yellow-orange flowers atop branching stems, beloved by pollinators and an essential larval host plant for Monarch butterflies. Unlike most milkweeds it has a non-milky sap and grows from a deep, drought-resistant taproot. It is one of the showiest and most wildlife-valuable native perennials for sunny garden settings.

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Calamint

Calamintha nepeta

Calamint (Clinopodium nepeta, syn. Calamintha nepeta) is a low-growing, aromatic Mediterranean perennial covered with airy white to pale lavender flowers from summer into fall, highly attractive to bees and butterflies. In NE Florida it performs best in full sun with afternoon shade, excellent drainage, and lean soil; it may be short-lived as humidity increases southward.

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Cardboard Palm

Zamia furfuracea

Zamia furfuracea, cardboard palm, is a slow-growing cycad native to eastern Mexico with stiff, arching fronds of leathery, oval leaflets that closely resemble corrugated cardboard in texture. Despite its palm-like appearance, it is a true cycad — an ancient non-flowering plant lineage — commonly used in tropical landscapes and containers.

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Carolina Jessamine

Gelsemium sempervirens

Carolina Jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens) is a Florida-native evergreen twining vine producing masses of fragrant, bright yellow tubular flowers in late winter and early spring — a welcome sign of the season in NE Florida landscapes. It grows vigorously on trellises, fences, and arbors and is the state flower of South Carolina. Note: all parts are highly toxic if ingested; nectar may be harmful to honeybees in large quantities.

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Carolina Wild Petunia

Ruellia caroliniensis

Florida wild petunia (Ruellia caroliniensis) is a native perennial wildflower of the southeastern United States, bearing lavender-blue, funnel-shaped flowers that resemble petunias atop slender, hairy stems. It thrives in a range of habitats from dry sandy soils to moist flatwoods edges. A valuable native plant for pollinator gardens, providing nectar and serving as a larval host for the common buckeye butterfly.

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Carolina Wolfberry

Lycium carolinianum

Christmas berry (Lycium carolinianum) is a Florida native coastal shrub with small lavender flowers that give way to vivid red berries ripening in winter. Its salt tolerance and wildlife value make it a staple of coastal native plantings.

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Cast Iron Plant

Aspidistra elatior

Cast iron plant (Aspidistra elatior) is a robust, slow-growing perennial from China and Japan renowned for tolerating deep shade, drought, and neglect. It forms clumps of long, dark glossy green strap leaves rising directly from the ground. An indispensable foliage plant for heavily shaded landscapes and interior spaces.

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Chinese Holly

Ilex cornuta

Buford Holly (Ilex cornuta 'Bufordii') is a popular evergreen shrub selection of Chinese Holly, featuring glossy, spiny dark green leaves and heavy crops of large bright red berries that persist through winter. Its dense, mounding form makes it a versatile choice for hedges, screens, and foundation plantings.

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Christmas Jewel Holly

Christmas Jewel Holly (Ilex × 'HL10-90') is a compact, densely pyramidal evergreen holly reaching 6–10 ft., with dark glossy foliage and an exceptionally heavy crop of apple-red berries that persist from late fall through early summer. It is heat- and drought-tolerant once established, making it an excellent specimen, hedge, or foundation plant for NE Florida zone 9b landscapes.

From $125.00

Coastalplain Palafox

Palafoxia integrifolia

Coastal plains palafox (Palafoxia integrifolia) is a slender Florida native annual or short-lived perennial of coastal scrub and sandy soils, bearing small pink to white composite flower heads on wiry branching stems. It is endemic to Florida's coastal counties and is an important nectar source for native bees and butterflies. An excellent plant for dry, sandy, native landscapes.

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Common Mallow

Malva sylvestris

Mauve Mallow (Malva sylvestris) is a biennial or short-lived perennial native to Europe and western Asia, bearing rounded, lobed leaves and an abundance of showy, open-faced flowers in shades of lilac-pink to deep magenta with distinctive darker veining. One of the original sources of the color name 'mauve,' it has been used for centuries in herbal traditions and cottage gardens. The flowers and young leaves are edible and have a long history of culinary and medicinal use.

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Confederate Jasmine

Trachelospermum jasminoides

Confederate Jasmine (Trachelospermum jasminoides) is a twining evergreen vine from East Asia, admired for its intensely fragrant, pinwheel-shaped white flowers produced in spring and early summer. It has glossy dark green leaves and woody stems that cling to trellises and walls, making it a classic Southern landscape vine.

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Coontie

Zamia pumila

Zamia integrifolia, coontie, is Florida's only native cycad, a compact, slow-growing plant with glossy, dark green pinnate fronds arising from a partially buried trunk. A critical host plant for the endangered Atala butterfly, it has long been used by indigenous peoples and is a durable choice for native Florida landscapes.

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Coral Bean

Erythrina herbacea

Coral bean (Erythrina herbacea) is a Florida native shrub or small tree producing vivid scarlet tubular flowers on tall spikes in spring, followed by seed pods containing brilliant red seeds. The showy blooms are a magnet for hummingbirds and butterflies.

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Cowpea

Vigna unguiculata

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a warm-season legume native to sub-Saharan Africa, producing long pods filled with nutritious seeds in colors ranging from white and cream to black-eyed and speckled types. It grows as a bushy or vining annual and is a classic vegetable garden crop well adapted to heat and humidity.

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Creeping Sage

Salvia misella

Creeping sage (Salvia misella) is a low-growing Florida native perennial in the mint family, spreading to form a dense ground cover with small, fragrant foliage and delicate spikes of sky-blue flowers from spring through fall. Native to moist, shaded habitats, it is one of few Florida natives that forms a dense cover in shade. It also serves as a larval host for the Fulvous Hairstreak butterfly.

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Crown of Thorns

Euphorbia milii

Crown of Thorns (Euphorbia milii) is a succulent shrub native to Madagascar, bearing thick, thorny stems and small, rounded leaves alongside tiny flowers surrounded by showy bracts in red, pink, yellow, orange, or white. It blooms nearly year-round in warm climates and tolerates drought, heat, and neglect with remarkable ease. A classic South Florida landscape and container plant valued for its long bloom season and low maintenance.

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Deerberry

Vaccinium stamineum

Deerberry (Vaccinium stamineum) is a deciduous to semi-evergreen native blueberry relative found across the eastern United States, bearing drooping clusters of white bell-shaped flowers and small, greenish to bluish-purple berries. An understory shrub valued in native woodland and wildlife gardens.

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Desert Rose

Adenium obesum

Desert Rose (Adenium obesum) is a striking succulent shrub prized for its swollen sculptural trunk and clusters of trumpet-shaped blooms in pink, red, white, and bicolor. In Zone 9b it must be grown in containers and brought under protection when temperatures drop below 40°F; it thrives outdoors in full sun spring through fall and drops its leaves in winter dormancy.

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Devil's Backbone

Euphorbia tithymaloides

Devil's Backbone (Euphorbia tithymaloides) is a drought-tolerant tropical shrub with striking zigzag stems and fleshy, often variegated leaves of green, white, and pink. Hardy in zone 9b with protection from hard frost, it makes a bold, low-water accent for sunny NE Florida borders and containers.

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Dusty Miller

Senecio cineraria

Dusty Miller (Jacobaea maritima, syn. Senecio cineraria) is a Mediterranean subshrub prized for its deeply lobed, densely silver-felted foliage that provides luminous contrast in mixed beds and containers. In NE Florida it is grown as a cool-season annual, planted in fall for winter and spring display, and pairs beautifully with pansies, snapdragons, and other cool-weather annuals.

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Dwarf Poinciana

Caesalpinia pulcherrima

Dwarf poinciana (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) is a tropical shrub or small tree of Caribbean origin producing brilliant clusters of orange and red flowers with long, showy stamens almost year-round in warm climates. Its fern-like bipinnate foliage and vivid blooms make it a striking specimen plant.

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Dyckia

Dyckia

Dyckia (Dyckia spp.) is a genus of terrestrial bromeliads from the dry grasslands and rocky outcrops of South America, particularly Brazil, forming tight rosettes of stiff, spine-edged leaves in colors ranging from silver and green to bronze and near-black. Unlike most bromeliads, dyckias are not monocarpic — they offset prolifically and bloom repeatedly, sending up spikes of small orange or yellow flowers. Prized by collectors for their rugged texture and extreme drought tolerance.

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Eastern Red Cedar

Juniperus virginiana

A Florida native evergreen conifer with dense, fine-textured dark green foliage on a form that ranges from pyramidal to columnar, featuring reddish-brown fibrous bark and small blue-purple berry-like cones on female trees. It is highly tolerant of drought, salt spray, and poor soils.

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Emu Bush

Eremophila

Emu Bush (Eremophila spp.) is a genus of Australian evergreen shrubs producing colorful tubular flowers in red, purple, pink, and white that attract hummingbirds. Cold-hardy to zone 9a/9b, they thrive in NE Florida's sandy, well-drained soils with full sun but require careful moisture management given Florida's summer humidity.

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European Fan Palm

Chamaerops humilis

European Fan Palm (Chamaerops humilis) is the only palm native to continental Europe, forming slow-growing, multi-stemmed clumps of stiff fan-shaped fronds in light green to silver-blue. Extremely cold-hardy to about 20°F, it is well-suited to NE Florida zone 9b landscapes, thriving in full sun with minimal water once established.

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Firebush

Hamelia patens

Firebush (Hamelia patens) is a fast-growing Florida native shrub producing clusters of tubular orange-red flowers nearly year-round, attracting hummingbirds and butterflies including zebra longwings and gulf fritillaries. Root-hardy through zone 9b, it rebounds vigorously after freeze events and thrives in NE Florida's heat and humidity.

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Flame Vine

Pyrostegia venusta

Flame Vine (Pyrostegia venusta) is a vigorous tropical vine from South America producing spectacular cascades of vivid orange tubular flowers primarily in winter and early spring — peak bloom in NE Florida. It climbs vigorously by tendrils and is zone 9b hardy, though it requires consistent pruning to prevent it from overrunning other plants.

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Florida Pennyroyal

Piloblephis rigida

Florida pennyroyal (Piloblephis rigida) is a low-growing, aromatic native shrub endemic to Florida's scrub and sandhill habitats, with needle-like leaves that are intensely fragrant when crushed and small lavender to pink flowers that attract native bees. It is the sole species in its genus and an important plant in Florida's dry, fire-maintained upland ecosystems.

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Florida Privet

Forestiera segregata

Florida privet (Forestiera segregata) is a native evergreen shrub of Florida's coastal scrub and hammock habitats, bearing small inconspicuous flowers followed by tiny blue-black fruits eaten by a wide range of birds. Its tolerance of salt, drought, and poor soils makes it a workhorse in native coastal landscapes.

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Florida Scrub Skullcap

Scutellaria arenicola

Florida Sand Skullcap (Scutellaria arenicola) is a small native perennial found in sandy scrub and pine flatwoods, producing delicate two-lipped violet-blue flowers on slender stems. A Florida endemic, it is an excellent choice for natural garden plantings that support native bees.

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Florida Soapberry

Sapindus saponaria

Florida Soapberry (Sapindus saponaria) is a native Florida evergreen tree bearing pinnately compound leaves and clusters of small cream-white flowers in spring, followed by translucent amber-yellow berries whose saponin-rich pulp lathers in water. Extremely drought-tolerant and low-maintenance, it is best suited for South Florida (zones 10a–11); in NE Florida zone 9b it may suffer cold damage and is not reliably hardy.

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Florida Thatch Palm

Thrinax radiata

Florida Thatch Palm (Thrinax radiata) is a slow-growing, slender native palm of coastal hammocks and the Florida Keys, bearing circular fan fronds and small white flowers. Best suited to South Florida (zones 10b–11), it is not reliably cold-hardy in NE Florida zone 9b and should be sited in a sheltered, frost-protected location if grown here.

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Forked Bluecurls

Trichostema dichotomum

Forked Bluecurls (Trichostema dichotomum) is a Florida native annual of the mint family producing aromatic, narrow leaves and vivid blue-violet flowers with dramatically curled stamens from summer through fall. A prolific self-seeder that thrives in dry, sandy NE Florida soils, it is a premier late-season nectar source for native bees and hummingbirds.

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Fountain Grass

Cenchrus

Fountain Grass (Cenchrus spp., formerly Pennisetum) is a clumping ornamental grass producing arching green foliage and showy rose-pink to purple bottlebrush plumes from summer through fall. Note: Cenchrus setaceus (common fountain grass) is a FISC Category 2 invasive in Florida — use only sterile, non-reseeding cultivars such as 'Rubrum' (purple fountain grass) to avoid spread into natural areas.

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Garberia

Garberia heterophylla

Garberia (Garberia heterophylla) is a Florida endemic shrub found exclusively in the state's sandy scrub habitats, bearing clusters of fragrant rosy-purple flowers in fall that are important nectar sources for native bees and butterflies. It is among the rarest shrubs available for Florida native gardens.

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Gaura

Oenothera lindheimeri

Gaura (Oenothera lindheimeri), commonly called whirling butterflies or bee blossom, is a graceful native perennial from Texas and Louisiana producing slender, arching wands adorned with small white to pink four-petaled flowers that flutter like butterflies in the breeze from spring through fall. It forms airy, vase-shaped clumps of narrow foliage. A versatile border perennial prized for its long bloom season and wispy, naturalistic form.

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Gazania

Gazania rigens

Treasure flower (Gazania rigens) is a South African perennial bearing large, brilliantly colored daisy-like flowers in shades of orange, yellow, red, pink, and white, often with contrasting stripes and dark central rings. The flowers open in sunlight and close at night and on cloudy days. A tough, drought-tolerant plant for hot, sunny borders, rock gardens, and coastal landscapes.

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Golden Creeper

Ernodea littoralis

Golden Beach Creeper (Ernodea littoralis) is a Florida-native coastal groundcover with narrow, glossy leaves and small white to pink tubular flowers followed by yellow-orange fruit. Endemic to sandy shorelines and coastal scrub in south Florida, it is best suited to warm, frost-free coastal sites south of zone 9b, though it may survive sheltered NE Florida microclimates.

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Goldenrod

Solidago

Goldenrods (Solidago spp.) are native Florida perennials bearing arching plumes of bright golden-yellow flowers in fall, providing one of the most important late-season nectar sources for bees, butterflies, and beneficial wasps. Florida species such as Solidago sempervirens are well-adapted to sandy coastal soils and are entirely safe for allergy sufferers — their heavy pollen is insect-carried, not airborne.

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Gomphrena

Gomphrena globosa

Globe Amaranth (Gomphrena globosa) is a heat-loving annual from Central America and Panama bearing clover-like, papery globe flowers in deep purple, magenta, pink, white, and red that hold their color when dried. Long-blooming and drought-tolerant once established, it is valued in sunny borders, cottage gardens, and fresh or dried floral arrangements.

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Gopher Apple

Licania michauxii

Gopher Apple (Geobalanus oblongifolius) is a native Florida groundcover shrub that spreads by an extensive underground root system, forming low colonies of leathery oblong leaves in dry, sandy upland habitats. Small white flowers are followed by plum-like fruits eaten by gopher tortoises, black bears, and other wildlife.

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Green Eyes

Berlandiera subacaulis

Florida green-eyes (Berlandiera subacaulis) is a Florida endemic perennial wildflower bearing yellow ray flowers surrounding a distinctive green central disc, from which it takes its common name. Native to dry, sandy scrubs and pinelands throughout peninsular Florida, it has a pleasant chocolate-like fragrance. An excellent choice for dry, sunny Florida native landscapes and pollinator plantings.

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Haworthia

Haworthia

Haworthia (Haworthia spp.) is a genus of small, rosette-forming succulents native to southern Africa, notable for their intricately patterned leaves — often banded, windowed, or tuberculate — in shades of green, brown, and near-black. Most species remain compact, typically under 6 inches, making them ideal windowsill and container plants that tolerate lower light than most succulents. Many species are now reclassified under Haworthiopsis or Tulista, but Haworthia remains the common trade name.

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Hopbush

Dodonaea viscosa

Hop bush (Dodonaea viscosa) is a fast-growing evergreen shrub with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution in tropical and subtropical regions, known for its willowy, resinous foliage and ornamental papery seed pods (hops) that range from green to pink or purplish. Extremely drought and wind tolerant.

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Hoya

Hoya

Hoyas are a diverse genus of tropical climbing and trailing plants from Asia and Australia, prized as houseplants for their thick, waxy leaves and clusters of intricate, star-shaped, often fragrant flowers. With hundreds of species ranging from narrow-leaved to large-foliaged forms, they are favorites among collectors.

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Ice Plant

Delosperma cooperi

Ice Plant (Delosperma cooperi) is a low-growing, mat-forming succulent ground cover from South Africa with small, succulent leaves and vivid magenta-pink daisy-like flowers that open in full sun from spring through fall. The glistening, water-storing cells on the leaf surface sparkle in sunlight, inspiring the common name. It is widely planted as a drought-tolerant, weed-suppressing ground cover for sunny slopes, rock gardens, and border edges.

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Indian Grass

Sorghastrum nutans

Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans) is a native North American tallgrass prairie species forming upright clumps of blue-green foliage that turns rich orange-gold in autumn. Its golden-bronze, feathery seed heads are a hallmark of fall meadow plantings and attract seed-eating birds.

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Indian Hawthorn

Rhaphiolepis indica

Indian hawthorn (Rhaphiolepis indica) is a compact, mounding evergreen shrub from southern China with leathery dark green leaves, clusters of pink or white flowers in spring, and small blue-black berries. It is a popular landscape shrub prized for heat, drought, and salt tolerance.

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Italian Cypress

Cupressus sempervirens

Italian Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) is a stately, narrow evergreen conifer native to the eastern Mediterranean and western Asia, forming a tight, columnar silhouette of dense, dark green scale-like foliage. Long associated with Mediterranean gardens and cemeteries, it is widely planted as an accent, screen, and architectural element in formal and informal landscapes.

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Jade Plant

Crassula ovata

Jade Plant (Crassula ovata) is a long-lived succulent shrub native to South Africa and Mozambique, featuring thick, glossy, oval leaves of deep jade green often flushed with red at the margins and a stout, woody trunk that develops with age. In winter, mature plants may produce clusters of small star-shaped white to pale pink flowers. A classic houseplant and container specimen worldwide, also grown outdoors in frost-free gardens.

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Jamaican Caper

Capparis cynophallophora

Jamaican Caper (Quadrella jamaicensis) is a native Florida coastal tree or large shrub prized for its showy white-to-purple flowers with long stamens and attractive leathery foliage. It produces pendant fruit capsules that split open to reveal red-coated seeds, adding ornamental interest. A salt-tolerant species found naturally in coastal hammocks from South Florida through the Caribbean.

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Juniper

Juniperus

Shore juniper (Juniperus conferta) is a low, spreading evergreen conifer native to the coastal sands of Japan, with prickly, silvery-green needles and a ground-hugging habit that rarely exceeds 18 inches in height. It is widely used as a drought-tolerant, salt-resistant ground cover and bank stabilizer.

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Kangaroo Paw

Anigozanthos flavidus

Kangaroo Paw (Anigozanthos flavidus) is a striking perennial native to southwestern Australia, recognized for its velvety, tubular flowers borne on tall arching stems in shades of yellow, orange, red, and green. The unusual paw-shaped flowers are covered in fine hairs that give them their distinctive textured appearance. A popular cut flower and landscape accent, it is the floral emblem of Western Australia.

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Lavender

Lavandula

Lavender (Lavandula spp.) is a fragrant, drought-tolerant Mediterranean subshrub with silvery foliage and aromatic flower spikes that attract bees and butterflies. English lavender (L. angustifolia) struggles in NE Florida's heat and humidity; heat-tolerant species such as French lavender (L. dentata), Sweet lavender (L. heterophylla), or the hybrid 'Phenomenal' perform best in zone 9b.

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Licorice Plant

Helichrysum petiolare

Licorice Plant (Helichrysum petiolare) is a South African perennial subshrub grown for its trailing stems densely clad in soft, felted silver-gray to lime-green leaves that have a faint licorice scent when crushed. The silvery foliage makes it an exceptional filler and contrast plant in containers, hanging baskets, and mixed borders. Small cream-white flowers are produced but the foliage is the primary ornamental feature.

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Lion's Tail

Leonotis leonurus

Lion's Tail (Leonotis leonurus) is a tall, shrubby perennial native to South Africa, producing whorls of velvety tubular orange flowers stacked along square stems from late summer through winter. The vivid blooms attract hummingbirds and butterflies, adding dramatic vertical interest. Hardy in NE Florida zone 9b — may die back after a hard freeze but regrows vigorously from the roots in spring.

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Little Bluestem

Schizachyrium scoparium

Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) is an iconic Florida-native prairie grass forming upright clumps of blue-green summer foliage that turns copper, rust, and burgundy in fall, with fluffy white seed heads persisting into winter. Hardy and drought-tolerant in NE Florida zone 9b, it is outstanding for naturalistic plantings, rain gardens, and wildlife habitat.

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Live Oak

Quercus virginiana

Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) is a majestic, broadly spreading evergreen oak native to the coastal southeastern United States, renowned for its massive horizontal limbs and long-lived, durable wood. Its small, oblong, leathery leaves remain on the tree year-round, and it produces small acorns that are important wildlife food. A defining landscape tree of the Deep South, it can achieve enormous canopy spreads with age.

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Longleaf Pine

Pinus palustris

Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris) is a majestic native Florida tree with dramatically long needles (up to 14 inches) and large, decorative cones reaching 6–10 inches. A cornerstone of the longleaf pine ecosystem, it is fire-adapted, extremely long-lived, and supports rare wildlife including the red-cockaded woodpecker. Best suited to large landscapes with plenty of overhead space.

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Lyreleaf Salvia

Salvia lyrata

Lyreleaf Salvia (Salvia lyrata) is a native North American perennial wildflower found in open woodlands, roadsides, and disturbed areas across the eastern United States. It forms a basal rosette of deeply lobed, lyre-shaped leaves, often with attractive burgundy or purple mottling, and sends up square stems bearing whorls of light lavender-blue flowers in spring. A low-maintenance native that self-seeds freely and supports early-season pollinators.

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Marlberry

Ardisia escallonioides

Marlberry (Ardisia escallonioides) is a Florida native evergreen shrub or small tree with glossy dark green leaves, fragrant white to pinkish flowers, and clusters of black berries prized by birds. It grows in coastal hammocks and pinelands from Central to South Florida and is a reliable landscape choice for NE Florida privacy screens, bird gardens, and mixed borders in partial to full sun.

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Muhly Grass

Muhlenbergia capillaris

Muhly grass (Muhlenbergia capillaris) is a native North American warm-season bunch grass renowned for its spectacular clouds of airy, pink-to-magenta flower plumes that appear in fall. The fine-textured, arching foliage forms dense mounds that provide year-round textural interest in the landscape.

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Myrsine

Myrsine cubana

Florida myrsine (Myrsine cubana) is a native evergreen shrub or small tree with small, glossy leaves and inconspicuous flowers followed by tiny blue-black berries relished by birds. Hardy throughout the Florida peninsula including NE Florida zone 9b, it excels in shade to part-shade hedges, wildlife plantings, and naturalistic landscapes.

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Necklace Pod

Sophora tomentosa

Necklace Pod (Sophora tomentosa) is a Florida-native coastal shrub with silvery-green pinnate leaves and long spikes of bright yellow flowers followed by beaded seedpods that resemble a necklace. Hardy to zone 9b, it thrives in full sun, sandy soils, and coastal conditions in NE Florida, attracting hummingbirds and butterflies.

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Oleander

Nerium oleander

Oleander (Nerium oleander) is a tough, fast-growing evergreen shrub from the Mediterranean and Southwest Asia, producing abundant clusters of showy flowers in white, pink, red, or yellow throughout the warm season. Its narrow, lance-shaped leaves and dense branching make it a popular choice for screens and highway plantings, though all parts are toxic.

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Orchid Tree

Bauhinia variegata

Orchid Tree (Bauhinia variegata) is a semi-deciduous to deciduous tree native to Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent, famous for its spectacular, orchid-like flowers in shades of pink, magenta, and white that appear in late winter and spring, often before the bilobed leaves emerge. The distinctive butterfly- or camel-hoof-shaped leaves are a hallmark of the Bauhinia genus. Widely planted throughout tropical and subtropical regions as a flowering specimen tree.

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Pampas Grass

Cortaderia selloana

Pampas grass (Cortaderia selloana) is a large, fast-growing clumping grass producing dramatic silvery-white to pink plumes in fall. It is highly tolerant of poor soils and drought. IMPORTANT: UF/IFAS has classified pampas grass as invasive in Florida's natural areas and no longer recommends it for landscape use; native muhly grass is a preferred alternative.

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Perennial Peanut

Arachis glabrata

Perennial Peanut (Arachis glabrata) is a low-growing, nitrogen-fixing groundcover native to South America, producing cheerful bright yellow peanut-like flowers nearly year-round in warm climates. It forms a dense, attractive turf-like mat and is widely promoted in Florida as a low-maintenance, no-mow lawn alternative.

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Pignut Hickory

Carya glabra

Pignut Hickory (Carya glabra) is a medium to large deciduous tree native to the eastern United States, characterized by compound leaves with five to seven leaflets, shaggy-to-tight gray bark, and small, pear-shaped nuts with thin husks. The hard, flexible wood is among the strongest native hardwoods and has long been valued for tool handles and sporting goods. It provides important mast for wildlife in eastern forest ecosystems.

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Pindo Palm

Butia capitata

Pindo Palm, or Jelly Palm (Butia capitata), is a cold-hardy feather palm from South America with a stout, rough-textured trunk and gracefully arching, blue-green pinnate fronds. It bears clusters of fragrant, edible orange-yellow fruits used to make jelly, and is widely grown as a durable ornamental in warm and subtropical climates.

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Plumeria

Plumeria rubra

Plumeria (Plumeria rubra) is a small, deciduous tropical tree native to Mexico, Central America, and Venezuela, celebrated for its intensely fragrant, waxy flowers in shades of white, yellow, pink, and red — the classic blooms used in Hawaiian leis. The thick, succulent branches hold large, glossy leaves clustered at the tips, giving the tree a bold, sculptural form. It is widely grown in tropical and subtropical gardens as a specimen tree or in containers.

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Ponytail Palm

Beaucarnea recurvata

Ponytail Palm (Beaucarnea recurvata) is a striking succulent tree native to the semi-arid regions of eastern Mexico, recognized by its swollen, bottle-shaped base that stores water and its fountain of long, thin, arching leaves cascading from the top. Despite its common name, it is not a true palm but a member of the agave family (Asparagaceae). It is a popular container and landscape specimen in warm, dry climates for its dramatic sculptural form and minimal water needs.

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Prickly Pear Cactus

Opuntia austrina

Opuntia austrina is a Florida-endemic prickly pear cactus found throughout the peninsula, featuring flattened paddle-shaped pads armed with spines and barbed glochids. It produces bright yellow flowers in spring and summer, followed by edible red-purple fruits that attract birds and pollinators. An excellent drought-tolerant, low-maintenance native for xeriscaping, wildlife gardens, and naturalistic NE Florida landscapes.

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Purple Lovegrass

Eragrostis spectabilis

Purple lovegrass (Eragrostis spectabilis) is a native North American warm-season bunch grass celebrated for its billowing clouds of reddish-purple flower panicles that appear in late summer and persist into autumn. The fine-textured foliage turns red-orange in fall, adding multi-season color to meadows and naturalistic plantings.

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Purple Thistle

Cirsium horridulum

Purple Thistle (Cirsium horridulum) is a native biennial wildflower of NE Florida's pinelands and open habitats, forming a rosette of spiny leaves before sending up stalks topped with large pink to purple flower heads. It is an outstanding pollinator plant, supporting bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, and self-seeds freely in sandy soil.

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Purslane

Portulaca oleracea

Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is a heat-loving succulent annual that thrives in NE Florida's hot, dry conditions, producing small yellow flowers on low-spreading stems with thick moisture-retaining leaves. It excels in containers, hot borders, and sandy beds, requiring minimal water and no fertilizer.

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Quailberry

Crossopetalum ilicifolium

Quailberry (Crossopetalum ilicifolium) is a low-growing native groundcover shrub with small holly-like leaves, inconspicuous flowers, and showy bright red berries valued by wildlife. Native to South Florida pinelands and coastal scrub, it grows in zones 9-11 and is suitable as a drought-tolerant groundcover for NE Florida in well-drained alkaline or sandy soils.

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Railroad Vine

Ipomoea pes-caprae

Railroad Vine (Ipomoea pes-caprae) is a fast-spreading coastal groundcover native to Florida's beach dunes, with distinctive two-lobed leaves and pink-purple funnel flowers. UF/IFAS rates it for zones 10B-11; in NE Florida zone 9b it may suffer frost dieback in cold winters and is best suited to coastal dune sites rather than inland landscapes.

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Rattlesnake Master

Eryngium yuccifolium

Rattlesnake Master (Eryngium yuccifolium) is a bold evergreen native perennial with strap-like, yucca-like basal leaves and spherical silvery-white flower heads on tall stems in summer. A superb pollinator plant documented to attract over 180 insect species, it is well-suited to NE Florida dry meadows and pollinator gardens in full sun.

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Red Hot Poker

Kniphofia uvaria

Red Hot Poker (Kniphofia uvaria) is a bold South African perennial in the asparagus family, producing tall, torch-like flower spikes with tubular florets in fiery gradients of red, orange, and yellow that are irresistible to hummingbirds. The grass-like, arching foliage forms substantial clumps that provide year-round structure, with blooms typically appearing in late spring through summer. Native to the grasslands and mountain slopes of South Africa, it is a dramatic accent plant for sunny, well-drained borders.

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Red Yucca

Hesperaloe parviflora

Red Yucca (Hesperaloe parviflora) is a clump-forming evergreen perennial native to the Chihuahuan Desert of Texas and Mexico, bearing long, narrow, arching foliage with fibrous threads along the margins. Tall, arching flower stalks carry coral-red to deep rose tubular flowers beloved by hummingbirds, blooming from late spring through summer and often into fall. Despite the common name it is not a true yucca, but a member of the agave family noted for its outstanding drought tolerance.

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Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus

Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus) is an aromatic, evergreen shrubby herb native to the Mediterranean basin, bearing narrow, needle-like leaves with a resinous fragrance. Small pale blue flowers appear seasonally, and the plant is widely used in culinary, ornamental, and aromatic applications.

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Rosinweed

Silphium integrifolium

Rosinweed (Silphium integrifolium) is a robust prairie perennial of the central and eastern U.S., producing tall stems with rough opposite leaves and bright yellow daisy-like flowers from midsummer through early fall. It develops a deep drought-resistant taproot over time. Rated to zone 9b; it performs well in NE Florida's sandy, well-drained soils in full sun, attracting bees, butterflies, and seed-eating birds.

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Russian Sage

Salvia yangii

Russian sage (Salvia yangii, formerly Perovskia atriplicifolia) is a woody-based perennial subshrub from Central Asia, prized for its silver aromatic stems and long panicles of lavender-blue flowers in summer through fall. In NE Florida zone 9b it is marginal — high summer humidity can shorten its lifespan — so provide the hottest, driest, best-drained site possible for best results.

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Rusty Lyonia

Lyonia ferruginea

Rusty lyonia (Lyonia ferruginea) is a native evergreen shrub or small tree endemic to the coastal plain of the southeastern United States, characterized by distinctive rusty-brown scales on its young twigs and leaf undersides and small, urn-shaped white flowers in spring. It is a dominant species in Florida scrub and dry flatwood habitats.

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Sago Palm

Cycas revoluta

Cycas revoluta, sago palm, is a slow-growing cycad native to southern Japan and China with a stout, shaggy trunk topped by a symmetrical crown of stiff, dark green, feathery fronds. Despite the common name it is not a true palm but one of the most ancient plant lineages on Earth, widely used as a long-lived landscape specimen and container plant.

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Saltbush

Baccharis halimifolia

Eastern baccharis (Baccharis halimifolia) is a native deciduous shrub found along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of North America, with silvery-green leaves and large, fluffy white seed heads on female plants in fall that provide a striking ornamental display. It is highly salt- and wind-tolerant, making it ideal for coastal restoration and naturalistic plantings.

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Saw Palmetto

Serenoa repens

Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens) is the only species in its genus — a native, clump-forming palm of the southeastern United States coastal plain, characterized by fan-shaped fronds with sharp, saw-toothed petioles and a sprawling, multi-stemmed habit. It produces small, fragrant cream flowers followed by olive-to-black fleshy drupes that are among the most important wildlife foods in Florida ecosystems. An extremely long-lived, slow-growing native foundational plant of Florida flatwoods and scrub habitats.

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Scaevola

Scaevola aemula

Fan Flower (Scaevola aemula) is a trailing Australian annual producing masses of fan-shaped flowers in purple, blue, pink, and white throughout the warm season. Its spreading habit makes it ideal for hanging baskets, containers, and ground cover.

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Scrub Mint

Conradina canescens

Scrub mint (Conradina canescens) is a compact aromatic native shrub endemic to the sandy scrub habitats of Florida and Alabama, with needle-like, gray-green foliage and delicate lavender to pale pink flowers that attract native pollinators. It is a member of the mint family (Lamiaceae) and one of several rare Conradina species found in Florida's imperiled scrub ecosystem.

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Sea Lavender

Limonium

Sea Lavender (Limonium spp.) is a genus of coastal and salt marsh perennials found across the world's temperate and Mediterranean regions, producing airy, branching sprays of tiny papery flowers in shades of lavender, purple, white, pink, and yellow above basal rosettes of leathery leaves. The delicate, everlasting flower clusters dry naturally on the plant and retain their color indefinitely, making sea lavender one of the most popular plants for dried flower arrangements. It is highly tolerant of salty conditions and coastal exposures.

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Sea Oats

Uniola paniculata

Sea oats (Uniola paniculata) is a native coastal grass of the southeastern US, forming upright clumps 4–8 ft tall with large, drooping seed heads. A protected species in Florida, it plays a critical role in stabilizing coastal dunes through its deep root system (up to 40 ft) and rhizomatous spread. Well adapted to NE Florida's zone 9b coastal conditions, it tolerates salt spray, drought, and brief saltwater flooding.

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Sea Oxeye Daisy

Borrichia frutescens

Sea Oxeye Daisy (Borrichia frutescens) is a native perennial shrub of coastal Florida and the southeastern US, forming dense, woody mounds of silvery-green, fleshy leaves along saltmarsh edges, dunes, and tidal flats. It produces cheerful yellow daisy-like flowers nearly year-round in South Florida, attracting native bees and butterflies. One of the toughest native plants for coastal landscapes, it tolerates salt spray, flooding, and poor sandy soils with exceptional resilience.

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Seashore Dropseed

Sporobolus virginicus

Seashore dropseed (Sporobolus virginicus) is a creeping, salt-tolerant native grass found along coastal shorelines of the southeastern United States and tropics, forming dense low mats of fine, wiry foliage. It is valued for shoreline stabilization, erosion control, and as a low-maintenance turf alternative in coastal landscapes.

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Sedum

Sedum

Sedum (Sedum sp.) is a diverse genus of succulent perennials found across the Northern Hemisphere, ranging from low, mat-forming ground covers to upright border plants, with fleshy leaves in a wide array of shapes, sizes, and colors. Many species produce dense, flat-topped clusters of small star-shaped flowers in pink, red, yellow, or white that are highly attractive to butterflies and bees. Many former sedum species are now reclassified under Hylotelephium or Phedimus, but Sedum remains the widely used trade name.

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Senecio

Senecio

Dusty Miller (Senecio cineraria) is a cool-season annual in Florida, planted October through May for its striking silver-white, deeply lobed feltlike foliage that contrasts beautifully with colorful companions in borders and containers. It thrives in Zone 9b winters, reaching 6–18 inches tall, and is primarily grown as a foliage accent rather than for its small yellow summer flowers.

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Silverthorn

Elaeagnus pungens

Silverthorn (Elaeagnus pungens) is a dense, thorny evergreen shrub with silvery foliage and powerfully fragrant fall flowers, well adapted to NE Florida zone 9b conditions including drought, salt, and a range of soils. However, UF/IFAS and FLEPPC classify it as a Category II invasive exotic; it escapes cultivation and displaces native vegetation. Florida-native alternatives are strongly recommended for new plantings.

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Skyblue Clustervine

Jacquemontia pentanthos

Skyblue Clustervine (Jacquemontia pentanthos) is a Florida-native evergreen vine in the morning glory family, bearing small sky-blue flowers primarily fall through spring — providing rare winter color in NE Florida gardens. It twines easily on fences and trellises in coastal and scrub settings and is a valuable nectar source for native bees and sphinx moths.

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Snake Plant

Dracaena trifasciata

Snake plant (Dracaena trifasciata) is a succulent perennial native to West Africa, recognized by its stiff, upright, sword-shaped leaves banded in shades of green, silver, and gold. One of the most durable and architectural houseplants available, it stores water in its thick leaves and adapts to a wide range of light conditions.

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Spanish Stopper

Eugenia foetida

Spanish Stopper (Eugenia foetida) is a Florida native evergreen shrub or small tree from coastal hammocks of Central and South Florida, producing small white flowers in summer followed by small black fruits relished by birds. Hardy into Zone 9a–9b, it is used in NE Florida landscapes as a dense hedge, screen, or specimen; drought tolerant and highly bird-friendly once established.

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Sparkleberry

Vaccinium arboreum

Sparkleberry (Vaccinium arboreum) is a native deciduous to semi-evergreen large shrub or small tree found across the southeastern United States, producing small white bell-shaped flowers in spring and small, shiny black berries in fall that persist into winter and attract birds. It offers attractive exfoliating bark and vivid red fall foliage, making it a handsome native landscape plant.

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Stokes Aster

Stokesia laevis

Stokes Aster (Stokesia laevis) is the only species in its genus, a native perennial from the southeastern United States bearing large, fringed, cornflower-like blooms in lavender-blue, white, or pink. Its bold flowers and evergreen basal rosette make it a standout in native and cottage-style gardens.

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Strawflower

Bracteantha bracteata

Xerochrysum bracteatum, the strawflower, is an Australian annual or short-lived perennial renowned for its papery, everlasting flower heads in vivid shades of yellow, orange, red, pink, and white. The blooms retain their color and form when dried, making this plant a staple for both fresh and dried floral arrangements.

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String of Bananas

Senecio radicans

String of Bananas (Curio radicans, syn. Senecio radicans) is a trailing succulent native to South Africa with slender, banana-shaped leaves on cascading stems. It produces small white to pale lavender flowers and is popular in hanging baskets and container arrangements; in NE Florida it is best grown as a container plant and protected from frost and excessive rain.

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String of Pearls

Senecio rowleyanus

String of Pearls (Curio rowleyanus) is a South African trailing succulent with distinctive spherical, bead-like leaves that store water. Its long, delicate stems spill gracefully from hanging baskets, and mature plants produce small white, cinnamon-scented flowers.

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Succulent

Succulents are a diverse group of drought-tolerant plants from arid regions worldwide, prized for their fleshy water-storing leaves, stems, or roots. They come in an extraordinary range of shapes, colors, and textures, making them popular for containers, rock gardens, and indoor displays.

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Sumac

Rhus

Winged Sumac (Rhus copallinum) is a fast-growing native Florida deciduous shrub or small tree with glossy pinnate leaves that turn brilliant red and orange in autumn. It produces clusters of dark red berries that attract birds and wildlife, and is a larval host for the Red-banded Hairstreak butterfly. Excellent for naturalistic plantings, erosion control, and sunny borders in NE Florida landscapes.

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Switchgrass

Panicum virgatum

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a native North American prairie grass forming upright, airy clumps 3–6 feet tall with fine-textured foliage and billowing seed panicles that feed songbirds through winter. Fully hardy in NE Florida's Zone 9b, it tolerates sandy soils, periodic flooding, and drought once established, making it an excellent low-maintenance ornamental grass for Florida landscapes.

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Tarragon

Artemisia dracunculus

French tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) is a perennial culinary herb with slender, anise-scented leaves, a staple of French cuisine. In NE Florida, it struggles with summer heat and humidity and is best grown as a cool-season crop (fall through spring). UF/IFAS recommends Mexican tarragon (Tagetes lucida) as a better-adapted year-round substitute.

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Texas Sage

Leucophyllum frutescens

Texas Sage (Leucophyllum frutescens), also called Cenizo or Purple Sage, is a drought-tolerant evergreen shrub native to the Chihuahuan Desert of Texas and Mexico. It is covered in silvery-gray foliage and produces a flush of lavender-purple tubular blooms triggered by high humidity or rainfall. Widely planted in xeriscape and Southwestern-style landscapes for its silvery texture and striking bloom displays.

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Thryallis

Galphimia gracilis

Thryallis (Galphimia gracilis) is a fast-growing tropical shrub native to Mexico and Central America, producing clusters of bright golden-yellow flowers from summer through fall. It thrives in NE Florida's warm climate as a landscape shrub, butterfly attractor, or informal hedge, rebounding readily from roots if damaged by an occasional freeze.

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Thyme

Thymus vulgaris

Common thyme (Thymus vulgaris) is a low-growing Mediterranean perennial herb with tiny aromatic leaves and small pink to lavender spring flowers. In NE Florida, it performs best as a cool-season herb planted in fall or early spring, grown in well-drained soil with full sun and minimal irrigation.

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Tough Bully

Sideroxylon tenax

Tough Bully (Sideroxylon tenax) is a Florida-native evergreen tree or large shrub of the sapodilla family, found in dry sandy pinelands, coastal scrub, and hammocks statewide. Its leathery dark green leaves have silvery-silky undersides, thorny stems attract pollinators to small white summer flowers, and the dark fruits are eaten by birds.

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Tropical Sage

Salvia coccinea

Tropical Sage (Salvia coccinea) is a short-lived native perennial or subshrub bearing tall spikes of vivid scarlet tubular flowers that attract hummingbirds and butterflies throughout the warm season. Native to the southeastern United States and tropical America, it self-seeds freely and naturalizes in gardens.

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Turk's Cap

Malvaviscus arboreus

Turk's Cap (Malvaviscus arboreus) is a fast-growing, shade-tolerant tropical shrub producing distinctive red flowers whose petals never fully open — resembling a Turkish turban — from spring through fall. It is evergreen in NE Florida's zone 9b, extremely adaptable to sun, shade, and various soils, and is a top hummingbird and butterfly plant for Florida landscapes.

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Twinflower

Dyschoriste oblongifolia

Twinflower (Dyschoriste oblongifolia) is a native Florida groundcover perennial with oblong leaves and paired lavender-purple trumpet flowers that bloom from spring through fall, with heaviest bloom in May. It spreads by underground runners and self-seeds to form a soft, low mat and is a larval host for the Common Buckeye butterfly — an ideal low-care groundcover for sunny, sandy NE Florida gardens.

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Wall Germander

Teucrium chamaedrys

Wall germander (Teucrium chamaedrys) is a compact, woody-based perennial subshrub native to Europe and southwestern Asia, producing dense, upright stems clothed in small, glossy, toothed leaves and spikes of small rosy-pink to purple flowers in summer. Historically used as a medicinal herb and ornamental edging plant. Suited to dry, sunny borders, rock gardens, and formal hedging.

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Wild Indigo

Baptisia

Wild Indigo (Baptisia spp.) is a long-lived native perennial producing erect racemes of pea-like flowers in blue, yellow, or white over attractive gray-green foliage in spring. It is technically hardy to zone 9b but performs best in well-drained, full-sun sites; NE Florida gardeners should choose heat-tolerant species such as Baptisia alba or B. sphaerocarpa for best results.

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Wild Lime

Zanthoxylum fagara

Wild Lime (Zanthoxylum fagara) is a thorny native Florida shrub or small tree with aromatic, lime-scented foliage and reddish-brown bark. A member of the citrus family, it is a critical larval host plant for the giant swallowtail butterfly and produces small clusters of yellowish fruit.

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Wild Poinsettia

Euphorbia cyathophora

Wild Poinsettia (Euphorbia cyathophora), also called Painted Leaf, is a Florida-native annual found throughout the state, featuring fiddle-shaped upper leaves that flush red or red-and-green at their bases in summer and fall. It self-seeds freely in NE Florida landscapes, attracting pollinators with minimal care — all plant parts are toxic if ingested.

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Winged Elm

Ulmus alata

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) is a native deciduous tree distinguished by the distinctive corky, wing-like ridges that develop along its smaller branches. A member of the elm family, it produces small papery samaras in early spring and provides attractive fine-textured canopy in landscapes.

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Winter Savory

Satureja montana

Winter savory (Satureja montana) is a semi-evergreen, woody perennial herb from the Mediterranean, bearing small, dark green aromatic leaves and whorls of tiny white to lilac flowers in summer that attract bees. Prized for its peppery, thyme-like culinary flavor, it thrives in NE Florida's sandy well-drained soils and is hardy through zone 9b winters.

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Wiregrass

Aristida stricta

Wiregrass (Aristida stricta) is the iconic native bunchgrass of NE Florida's longleaf pine flatwoods and sandhills, forming dense clumps of fine, wiry foliage and flowering in fall following fire. A keystone species in Florida's fire-maintained upland ecosystems, it is essential for biodiversity and habitat restoration in zone 9b landscapes.

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Yaupon Holly

Ilex vomitoria

Yaupon Holly (Ilex vomitoria) is the only caffeine-containing plant native to North America, a versatile evergreen shrub or small tree found throughout the southeastern US. Female plants produce abundant small red berries that persist through winter and are highly attractive to birds, while the fine-textured dark green foliage responds well to pruning and shaping. Extremely adaptable to wet, dry, and salt-spray conditions, it is one of the toughest native plants for Florida landscapes.

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Yellowtop

Flaveria linearis

Yellowtop (Flaveria linearis) is a Florida native perennial forming mounding clumps of narrow leaves topped with dense flat-topped clusters of small bright yellow flowers, blooming most prolifically in fall and winter. Native to coastal strands and open pinelands of South Florida and the Caribbean, it is an important butterfly nectar plant and thrives in NE Florida's zone 9b in full sun, dry sandy soils.

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ZZ Plant

Zamioculcas zamiifolia

ZZ plant (Zamioculcas zamiifolia) is a glossy-leafed tropical perennial from eastern Africa, grown for its arching stems of dark green oval leaflets emerging from stout underground rhizomes that store water. Hardy outdoors in zone 9b (USDA zones 9b–11b) in frost-protected sites, it excels as a low-maintenance container or shade-garden plant in NE Florida — tolerating neglect, low light, and irregular watering better than nearly any other ornamental.

From $12.95